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Aircraft Control Systems
Large modern aeroplanes are controlled by computer systems, replacing the old cables and mechanical systems.

This saves a lot of weight and improves safety, as most systems have four independent backup channels.

 
Input :
  • A large number of sensors located around the aircraft supply readings to the computer.
  • Readings from the pilot's controls.
Processing :
  • A control program analyses the readings from the sensors, and calculates any adjustments that need to be made.
  • The program prevents pilots from handling the aircraft dangerously by sticking to preset limits. The pilot can sometimes override the system in emergencies.
Output :
  • Output signals are sent to actuators that operate parts of the aircraft such as flaps, undercarriage, rudder, air-brakes.

 
Aircraft can land automatically by using Instrument Landing Systems - ground-based signals that guide an aircraft on to the runway, even in poor weather conditions.

Signals are received and fed to the on-board computer which makes flight adjustments if needed.

 

 An approach lighting system