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Malware

Malware is the term used to describe any software designed to infiltrate or damage computers without being invited.

A virus is a program that can copy itself from one type of media to another. A virus may also contain a payload - which performs sometimes malicious actions such as file deletion.

A virus attaches itself to a file and can be spread by ...

  • sending a file over a network
  • attaching the file to an email
  • carrying an infected file on a portable medium such as a memory stick to another computer

 

Never open an attachment in an email from someone you do not know!

A Trojan is a program that appears to perform one task but is in fact doing a different one. For example a screensaver may in fact be running a program that installs zombie bots that send spam.

 

A Worm uses a network to send copies of itself to other computers. It does not need to attach itself to a file.

 

  The payload of a worm is often used to create a backdoor in a computer that allows a computer to become a zombie - under the control of another.

 

A backdoor allows access to a computer that by-passes all the security systems.
  Botnets are networks of many zombie computers that can be used to send email spam, Adware, Spyware or take part in a Denial-of-Service attack.

 

A Denial-of-Service attack floods a targeted computer or network with so many requests that it cannot continue with normal service. Often used for extortion.
 

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